The document explores the foundational pillars of digital inclusion, including governance, monitoring, financing, infrastructure, and digital skills development, before concluding with key recommendations to align national policies with comprehensive EU standards for digital equity.

It meticulously synthesizes findings on digital disparities, highlighting the struggles faced by vulnerable populations such as older persons, people with disabilities, rural residents, and ethnic minorities. 

Authored by Ivana Cenerić and Jasminka Čekić Marković, and published by the Centre for Education Policy, this report synthesizes findings from national analyses to map the state of digital inclusion in the Western Balkans. 

*The DII project, funded by the European Union, is implemented across Kosovo, North Macedonia, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, and aims to enhance the role of civil society organisations (CSOs) in advocating for digital inclusion and participatory democracy. 

Read the full comparative report here: DII COMPARATIVE REPORT